Autobiographies, biographies, and memoirs are familiar ways to tell someone's story. But they aren't quite the same. Knowing the difference between them is crucial to getting your story right
This blog is your guide to understanding the contrast between an autobiography, biography, and a memoir. We'll explain what sets them apart and what they have in common.
We will also include some examples to help you understand how to write these non-fiction types of books. By uncovering these distinct traits and analogies, we'll make it easier for both writers and readers to capture life stories.
So, let’s dive right in!
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An autobiography is a description of a person’s life written by that person himself/herself.
Writing an autobiography is different from a biography, although both describe the character of the story of one's life.
The aim of writing an autobiography is to describe the achievements and life experiences of the narrator. The autobiography format typically starts with early childhood and chronologically lists down life experiences.
These include information about a person’s young adulthood, career, life choices, achievements, and the difficulties they face along the way.
Now, have a look at a couple of examples of an autobiography.
The “Story of My Life” by Helen Keller is a famous example of an autobiography.
Here is another example of an autobiography for you to understand the key traits in a better manner:
You can also refer to some more autobiography examples online to get inspiration and write about your life.
A biography is the story of a person’s life written by someone else. Usually, people write biographies about famous personalities and characters.
Since the writer is telling the story of a certain particular individual, that’s why biographies include a third-person perspective.
Like an autobiography, biographies also cover the entire subject’s life. So, it is important to include details about birthplace, education, childhood, relationships, etc.
Now, have a look at a couple of examples of a biography.
“His Excellency: George Washington” by Joseph J. Ellis and “Steve Jobs” by Walter Isaacson are some of the most notable examples of a biography.
Look at an example to help you understand better:
Look at the most significant differences between autobiography and biography in the following table:
Aspect | Biography | Autobiography |
Author | Written by a different person about the subject. | Written by the person who is the subject of the book. |
Permission | May require permission but not always necessary. | No permission is needed, as the author writes their own story. |
Perspective | Gathers perspectives from multiple sources, offering various viewpoints. | Limited to the author's personal view, which may include bias. |
Narrative Perspective | Uses third-person pronouns like “He/She/They.” | Uses first-person pronoun “I” to narrate. |
Connection With Readers | Has a more detached tone, creating a distant connection. | Builds a closer, more intimate bond with readers. |
Purpose | To inform readers about a person’s life and accomplishments. | To share the author's personal life journey and insights. |
Mentioned are some of the most common characteristics:
Here is a detailed example of each to get a better understanding of the concepts:
Comparison of the Examples: While Maya's autobiography offers an intimate and personal narrative, Thompson's biography provides a more comprehensive view, incorporating external perspectives and societal contexts to present a multi-faceted portrayal of Maya Johnson's life. |
A memoir is similar to an autobiography as it is also the story of a person’s life written by that individual himself or herself.
The main difference between autobiography and memoir is that a memoir focuses on reflecting and establishing an emotional connection.
Writing a memoir not only presents the facts but also provides a personal and memorable story about the major happenings in their life. Whereas a biography provides full contextual information that reads like a novel but is non-fiction in nature.
“The Diary of a Young Girl” by Anne Frank is a famous example of a historic memoir.
Want to know more about autobiography vs. biography vs. memoir meaning and the key differences and similarities?
Here is a comparison chart for your help:
Autobiography | Biography | Memoir |
A self-written account of one's own life journey. | A detailed account of a person's life, written by someone else. | A narrative focusing on personal experiences or a particular time in the author’s life. |
Written in first person, providing a direct personal perspective. | Typically written in the third-person perspective, giving an outsider's view. | Also written in the first person, sharing personal insights and emotions. |
Often subjective, sharing personal viewpoints and reflections. | Aims to be objective, based on verified facts and research. | Subjective, highlighting personal emotions and individual reactions. |
Facts and events are presented as remembered by the author. | Information comes from sources such as interviews, documents, and the subject’s acquaintances. | Events are described based on the author’s direct experiences and feelings. |
Created to share the author’s motivations, thoughts, and choices throughout their life. | Written to educate readers and provide a clear understanding of the person’s life and impact. | Meant to explore the feelings and emotions tied to specific events or experiences. |
Offers an intimate look into the author’s thoughts, emotions, and reflections. | Limited insight into the subject’s inner thoughts and feelings. | Gets deeply into personal thoughts, reactions, and emotional reflections. |
Usually written later in life, capturing a broad view of the author’s journey. | Can be created at any time, as it’s based on research rather than firsthand experience. | Can be written at any stage, focusing on significant experiences or phases. |
Have a look at the primary advantages of writing these types of texts.
All in all,
Hopefully, the above guide helps you understand the difference between an autobiography, a biography, and a memoir. For a successful autobiography, you need to tell your story in a way to make your readers feel in your place.
Writing a persuasive and compelling piece of non-fiction is not an easy task. You need to plan your time, read books for inspiration, and search for information about various writing styles and formats.
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Individual Biography: Focuses on the life story of a single person, detailing their experiences, achievements, and influence.
Example: The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank, which captures her personal experiences during the Holocaust.
Collective Biography: Covers the lives of multiple people connected by a shared theme, profession, or historical period, highlighting commonalities and differences.
Example: The Wright Brothers by David McCullough, which chronicles the lives of Orville and Wilbur Wright and their contributions to aviation.
Autobiography: Written by the subject themselves, these books give kids a firsthand account of a person's life and experiences.
Examples:
Biography: Written by someone else, these books introduce young readers to inspiring figures and their journeys.
Examples:
Autobiographies are generally seen as more authentic since they are written by the person themselves, providing direct insight into their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. However, this can also lead to a personal bias. Biographies, while offering an outside perspective, rely on research and multiple sources, which can make them well-rounded but less personal. Both have their strengths in authenticity, with autobiographies reflecting personal truth and biographies providing a balanced view.
A memoir is similar to an autobiography but is not the same. While an autobiography covers the full scope of a person's life, a memoir focuses on specific experiences, themes, or periods that had a significant impact. Memoirs are often more reflective and thematic, highlighting personal insights rather than providing a detailed chronological life story as an autobiography would.
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